Science and Processes of Education, No. 1 (18), 2014
ISSN 2345-0681
Price – 14,48 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10018.
Remark: articles can be purchased separately. For more information, look at the article description.
CONTENT
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ARTŪRAS AKELAITIS, ROMUALDAS MALINAUSKAS
VYRESNIOJO MOKYKLINIO AMŽIAUS MOKINIŲ SOCIALINIŲ EMOCINIŲ GEBĖJIMŲ UGDYMAS PER KŪNO KULTŪROS PAMOKAS |
5 page |
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JOLANTA BOJOROVIENĖ, REMIGIJUS KINDERIS
IMAGE AND REPUTATION FORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION (COLLEGE) |
12 page |
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GITANA ČECHAMIRIENĖ, VIOLETA JADZGEVIČIENĖ, EGLĖ STANKEVIČIENĖ
PRADEDANČIŲJŲ PROGRAMAVIMO GEBĖJIMŲ UGDYMAS |
21 page |
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JEVGENIJA DEHTJARE, VIKTORYA RYASCHENKO
OUTSOURCING IN LATVIA: CHALLENGES AND BENEFITS |
30 page |
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DALIUS JUODSNUKIS, ROMUALDAS MALINAUSKAS
SOCIALINĖS ATSAKOMYBĖS SAMPRATA IR SOCIALINĖS ATSAKOMYBĖS UGDYMO PATIRTIS PER KŪNO KULTŪRĄ IR SPORTĄ |
36 page |
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ANDREJS LAZDINS
THE MINERAL RESOURCE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN LATVIA |
46 page |
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IRENA LELIŪGIENĖ, RAMUNĖ MASAITYTĖ-APUOKIENĖ
VAIKŲ GLOBOS NAMŲ AUKLĖTINIŲ POZITYVIOS SOCIALIZACIJOS TERITORINĖJE BENDRUOMENĖJE GALIMYBĖS |
53 page |
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IRENA LELIŪGIENĖ, ROBERTA STALIONYTĖ
SAVANORIŠKOS SOCIOEDUKACINĖS VEIKLOS ĮTAKA ŽMOGAUS GYVENIMO KOKYBEI |
63 page |
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INGA IŽDONAITĖ-MEDŽIŪNIENĖ, VILJARAS REIGAS, INGRIDA KONTRIMAITĖ
GROŽIO TERAPEUTO KOMPETENCIJŲ PAGRINDIMAS DARBDAVIŲ POŽIŪRIU |
75 page |
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AGNĖ SAYLIK
INTERAKTYVIOSIOS LENTOS NAUDOJIMO VAIDMUO MOKINIŲ KALBINĖS RAIŠKOS GEBĖJIMŲ FORMAVIMUISI |
81 page |
| R E C E N Z I J O S | |
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REMIGIJUS KINDERIS
DR. EDUARDO SPIRIAJEVO METODINĖS MOKOMOSIOS KNYGOS „TARPTAUTINIS TURIZMAS” RANKRAŠČIO RECENZIJA |
87 page |
| APIE AUTORIUS / ABOUT AUTHORS | 90 – 91 pages |
SOCIAL EMOTIONAL SKILLS EDUCATION OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL AGE STUDENTS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES, ARTŪRAS AKELAITIS, ROMUALDAS MALINAUSKAS, (p. 5 – 11)
Keywords: social emotional skills education, physical education classes, senior high school age.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10019.
Summary
The research aim – to analyse social emotional skills education peculiarities of senior high school age students in physical education classes. The following research methods were applied: analysis of scientific literature and generalization methods to disclose the characteristics of social emotional skills education of senior high school age students in physical education classes.
The analysis of scientific literature has revealed the concept of social emotional skills education of senior high school age students in physical education classes is grounded in the fields of positive youth development, social-cognitive learning, planned behaviour, social constructivism and humanistic education theories. Guiding principles of earlier overlooked theories: Students’ emotional needs, the ability to use self-reflection and self-regulation, students’ positive relationships with other people and institutions, such as schools, working cooperatively, empathy, students’ self- confidence, self-esteem, the ability to find and solve problems, critical thinking skills.
The analysis of scientific literature has revealed that physical education class is the perfect place for students’ social and emotional skills education. The five core competencies associated with social emotional skills education: self-awareness, self- management, social awareness, relationship management, and responsible decision making. During senior high school age students experience emotional and behavioural difficulties. One of the most effective preventive measures – to develop social emotional skills education programs in schools. Social emotional skills education programs as interventions that help lower the risk of various problems young people face, and that increase their skills and values.
IMAGE AND REPUTATION FORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION (COLLEGE), JOLANTA BOJOROVIENĖ, REMIGIJUS KINDERIS, (p. 12 – 20)
Keywords: image, reputation, higher education institution image and reputation, means and factors of image and reputation formation.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10020.
Summary
This article analyses various aspects of the concepts of image and reputation, identifies the key factors that have an impact on the image and reputation of higher education institutions.
The relevance of the paper is specified in the introduction. Its essence is to identify the factors that determine the image and reputation of higher education institutions and to clear out what measures are recommended for the formation of image and reputation of higher education institutions.
The aim of the research is to develop a conceptual model of higher education institution (college) image and reputation formation based on the identified factors of higher education institution image and reputation formation. The following tasks were set in order to achieve the aim of the research: 1) to analyze the concepts of image and reputation and to provide the characteristics of higher education institution image and reputation; 2) to identify the factors that have an impact on the image and reputation of higher education institutions; and 3) to provide possible measures recommended for the formation of the image and reputation of higher education institution.
The concept of image and reputation is analysed, the characteristics of image and reputation of higher education institution are provided and the factors forming the image and reputation of higher education institutions are identified in the first three parts of the article.
A conceptual model of higher education institution (college) image and reputation formation is provided and described in the fourth part of the article.
Conclusions are provided at the end of the paper: 1. the corporate image and reputation is an overall view of an organization created by the organizational culture, individuality, identity, quality of services and means of communication and, in turn, it is purposefully managed. Corporate image and reputation are changeable depending on the conscious, experience and changes of the organization or groups of society. It is a strategic asset and a source of competitive advantage of the organization.
2. Higher education has become a mass phenomenon in Lithuania. Thus, higher education is losing its image and reputation in the society. In fierce competition between the higher education institutions, it is important to ensure as positive an image and reputation in the society, as possible, because the financial situation, the number of students and partnership relations with other institutions will depend on this.
The following groups of factors forming the image and reputation of higher education institutions may be listed among the min ones: personal – demographic (geographical position of school, demographic development, personal references, etc.), environmental (rating, general education policy, type of institution, social peculiarities, technological progress or public policy, economic development, etc.) and organizational factors (complexity of entrance examinations, size of libraries, exterior and interior of the institutions, study programmes, sports teams, internal atmosphere, etc.). Organization may not have any influence on the first two groups of factors or control them; it can only observe them and try to adapt to them in a timely manner.
3. The main measure effective in forming the image and reputation of a higher education institution (college) is image and reputation formation model. The model consists of three stages and steps: the individuality of a college is formed in I stage. Three steps are necessary during this stage: 1) to create a philosophy of a college; 2) to formulate the values; and 3) to define the mission of the college. II stage is the substantiation of the strategy of a college. The stage consists of three steps: 1) to define the vision of a college; 2) to update the study programmes; and 3) to develop the provided education services. III stage is focused on the strengthening of the identity of a college. This stage is implemented in three steps: 1) to provide proper conditions for the professional development of the lecturers; 2) to identify the symbols, traditions and ceremonies of a college; and 3) to prepare communication systems. However, each organization should assess and identify the main stages of a model and its component parts according to its needs, as each one of them can define their individuality and identity by different factors forming their organizational culture.
DVELOPMENT OF PROGRAMMING SKILLS OF BEGINNERS, GITANA ČECHAMIRIENĖ, VIOLETA JADZGEVIČIENĖ, EGLĖ STANKEVIČIENĖ, (p. 21 – 29)
Keywords: programming training, programming abilities, paradigms of programming teaching.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10021.
Summary
It is common to define the study subject through its syllabus, i.e., what will be learnt and in what way. Determining the syllabus of the study subject of introduction to programming, an attempt is made to reveal knowledge, abilities, skills, methods as well as strategies applied during studies. This article focuses on the analysis of the structure of programming skills of beginners and syllabus of the study subjects of introduction to programming. The scope of the research included all the introductory study subjects of programming delivered within the study programmes in the study fields of computer science, information systems and computer engineering. The goal of the research: to reveal the structure of development of programming skills and to explore the study methods employed for development of the aforesaid abilities through evaluation of the declared documents (descriptions in the study subjects of introduction to programming) and revaluation of attitudes of students, who learnt the study subject. The following objectives were set while organising the research: 1) to identify the paradigms of learning programming in higher education schools of Lithuania; 2) to establish study methods for development of programming skills of beginners applied in higher education schools of Lithuania, evaluating the ones presented in the descriptions of study subjects and used during studies; 3) to identify students‘ primary preparedness for studies in programming; 4) to reveal students‘ opinion about the study subject of introduction to programming and the study methods applied. The article presents the results of the content analysis of documents and students' opinion surveys. The content of the introduction to programming is determined by the Lithuanian educational documents, the changing recommendations of the international associations ACM and IEEE, the learning outcomes and specialisation of the specific study programmes, the chosen paradigm of programming learning, changes in educational paradigms and their integration into education, different educational needs of the learners, etc. Though scientific literature presents the variety of programming learning paradigms, four different paradigms are most frequently employed in higher education institutions in Lithuania. The research revealed that the studies in programming start with the procedural programming paradigm, whereas C++ is most often used as the initial programming language. It has been noticed that more and more frequently contemporary learners tend not to create an original solution to the problem but attempt to combine available programming fragments or the ones found on the internet, what imposes new challenges while organising development of programming abilities.
The structure of programming skills consists of several key categories: skills of logical thinking; problem solving skill; perception of programming concepts (semantics); knowledge of syntax of programming; skills of information search; skills of combining programme fragments; skills of using programming environment and ability to apply programming technique and methods. It is obvious that development of the aforesaid skills and abilities calls for as broad variety of study methods as possible. The data of the conducted research revealed that traditional study methods are most frequently applied for development of programming skills of beginners and that a wider choice of study methods is observed in the study programmes delivered in colleges. This has been approved by the analysis of the descriptions of the study subjects and the results of students’ questionnaire survey.
The research aimed to identify differences in choosing the desired learning techniques between university and college study programmes. The data showed that students see study methods, which require self-dependent work skills, as unattractive; almost half of the students request individual consultations. Planning and organising the activities, it is important to take the above-mentioned into consideration and to allocate more time to individual consultations.
OUTSOURCING IN LATVIA: CHALLENGES AND BENEFITS), EVGENIJA DEHTJARE, VIKTORYA RYASCHENKO, (p. 30 – 35)
Keywords: outsourcing, income tax, business environment, tourism, information technologies, investments.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10022.
Summary
Economy in the time of crisis and wide scale savings dictates new rules on the market, especially in the sphere of outsourcing. Only a few companies can retain their positions in an evolving, dynamic global market full of competition just by relying on internal resources in their production. Modern companies normally utilize outsourcing in many spheres of activity – IT solutions, provision of food, organization of production in other countries (offshore outsourcing), staff recruitment (out-staffing), organisation of business processes (Business Process Outsourcing) and skill management (Knowledge Process Outsourcing). With the development of Latvian economy outsourcing is becoming increasingly necessary, even though the options for its implementation are not yet established and the overall sphere of Latvian outsourcing is still not developed enough.
The article marked strengths and weaknesses for outsourcing in Latvia and the opportunities and threats.
Benefits: Parliamentary democracy, secure sustainability of political regime in the country, excellent geographic location, member of EU, NATO, euro holder , Russian language is native for one third part of population and is familiar to the main part of the total population – this is a very significant advantage for transferring business to Latvia from other ex-USSR republics, mix of European and Slavic mentality , income tax is twice lower than in existing outsourcing destinations, such as India (15 to 30 percent), current World Bank ranking puts worth of doing business in Latvia on 24th place among 189 countries, easiness of getting a credit for business highly evaluated by the World Bank.
Opportunities: there are much more preconditions for outsourcing transfer from former USSR countries to Latvia than to its neighbors as Lithuania or Estonia; higher and more targeted promotion of a residence permit obtaining possibility throe investments into the business for the representatives of such countries as Russian Federation, Ukraine, Kazakhstan; residence permit as an investment into business expanding opportunities for further markets of other BRIC countries, such as China, India, Brazil.
Challenges: restrictions against the residence permit getting as a result of an investment can be taken. This would also negatively impact total economical development of the country as a whole; language barrier still exist and national government is not going to decrease its influence in the nearest future; Lithuania and Estonia, the closest neighbours are better evaluated by the World Bank and have highest ranking positions. It is easy to establish a business in those neighbouring countries and European investors can give a forehand to establishing an outsourcing business in these countries. Value added tax is not the lowest one among all three Baltic countries, our closest neighbors had got even higher positions, this is 17th for Lithuania and 22nd for Estonia, low interest to investment in business.
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CONCEPTION AND DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY THROUG PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT, DALIUS JUODSNUKIS, ROMUALDAS MALINAUSKAS, (p. 36 – 45)
Keywords: social responsibility, physical education, sport
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10023.
Summary
This paper examines the concept of social responsibility, experience of social responsibility through physical education and sport. Presented the concept of social responsibility, disclosure social responsibility educational experience through physical education and sport.
The object of the research: The concept of social responsibility and experience of social responsibility through physical education and sport. The aim of the research is to analyze the concept of social responsibility and experience of social responsibility through physical education and sport. Objectives of the study: (1) to examine the concept of social responsibility. (2) to describe education experience of social responsibility through physical education and sport in Lithuanian and other countries. The method of research – the analysis of the scientific literature. It has been revealed that social responsibility is integrative personality trait characterized by moral and ethical principles of reasonable behavior, self-conscious adoption of social norms, attitudes and values, acceptance, expression of the will, perception, what consequences has the same activity of the person and other people. Scientific analysis of the literature revealed that most researches have been studied in children and youth social responsibility education through physical education classes, but felt the lack of publications that analyzed social responsibility education in the field of sports (sports schools, sports clubs, sports organizations, associations). Most of the research performed in programs where students at risk groups. It was carried out only incomplete studies examining social responsibility in the impact model for students outside the various risk groups. The majority of social responsibility researches is descriptive, often using case studies. Lithuania has just started researching in the area of social responsibility, began to develop social responsibility education programs, but felt the lack of empirical data to show the effectiveness of existing programs. In Lithuania, there are no studies that analyzes the social responsibility of education through physical education or sport.
THE MINERAL RESOURCE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN LATVIA, ANDREJS LAZDINS, (p. 46 – 52)
Keywords: mineral resource, regions, companies, strategy.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10024.
Summary
Background and purpose. Mineral resource are one of the biggest and significant resource in Latvia they play important role in regional development (provides employment, developed infrastructure). Of course, we are currently addressing the economic sustainability problems where decoupling, efficiency and other solutions are in sight. Report aims are to explore the EU experience and the mineral resource use in Latvia, then determine the strategic directions of the development in industry. The report assesses the EU, the European Environmental Agency (EEA) and existing strategic documents in Latvia for the resource usage in the future. The report is one part of a larger study about mineral resource market in Latvia.
Methodology. In order to achieve the stated objectives in the article, author has used data grouping methods (data grouping by regions and by type of mineral resource) processing statistical methods (average chain growth rate, the company’s market share), experts method (AHP- Analyse of Hierarchy Process, participate in seven industry experts) and the literature analyses. Of the database is a EUROSTAT, European Commission dates, Central Statistical Bureau data and Geology and Meteorology centre (LEGMC) data base.
Findings. There are five regions in Latvia (RPR; VPR; LPR; ZPR; KPR) and the main resources are a sand, gravel, clay, limestone, gypsum, quarts-sand, dolomites. About 300 business and physical persons are engaged in the mineral resources processing. In three of the five regions average chain growth rate is positive (120.945; 142.05%; 112.12%) but in the remaining two regions the average chain growth rate is negative (98.17%; 84.30%). Ltd companies dominate in the mineral resource industry (mid-range: 50.56%; 56.52%; 59.00%; 63.38%; 66.67%) but stock companies play significant role (by resource extraction volume). Experts have evaluated four scenarios for the industry where “Development of new materials production for exports” (0.731) has highest value. Obtained results of the research and experience of the EU and planning documents in Latvia to raises Industry Development Concept: The tools what using to develop competitive and sustainable mineral resource market is a laws, new management methods, scientific and creative transfer principles, innovation in technologies and products.
Research limitations. The study’s results in article are only about the mineral resource in Latvia. The study does not include the external environmental factors and their impact and influence between industries. The study will continue and should study industries clusters opportunities in regional development.
Conclusions. There is different understanding of the efficiency in usage natural resource and in conceptions how to develop sustainable mineral resource industry in EU countries. Mineral resource industry consist of many mid-range companies and some large companies which provide industry development and innovation process in future. Country does not defined industry development strategy or conception of development but globally we have the conception of sustainability.
POSSIBILITIES TO ORGANIZE POSITIVE SOCIALIZATION OF PUPILS AT CHILD CARE HOMES IN THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY, IRENA LELIŪGIENĖ, RAMUNĖ MASAITYTĖ-APUOKIENĖ, (p. 53 – 62)
Keywords: positive socialization, social pedagogue, learners of child care home, community.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10025.
Summary
Referring to theoretical approaches of the possibilities for positive socialization in the territorial community, human resources existing in the community, the viewpoint of social pedagogues of child care homes to possibilities and interferences for learners’ integration as positive socialization into the territorial community, in which the child care homes are located.
The first and second parts of the article discuss the conception of the community as the factor for individual’s positive socialization; the difficulties of risk children’s socialization and adaptation when in the alien environment are disclosed.
The third part presents the performed research. In order to attain the research aim, appropriate methods were chosen, the research organization, the research ethics and its process were presented, the essential data of the obtained research results were identified. In the research the structured interview method was applied, the content analysis of the data – which allowed getting deeper into the possibilities for the positive socialization of the learners from the child care homes in the territorial community – was carried out.
When performing the research, the social pedagogues (N=33) of five child care homes, established in three districts of Lithuania, were interviewed. The article presents their viewpoint to the relationship of the learners from the child care homes with the children from the territorial community, the experienced discrimination due to the social status of an orphan, social exclusion, psychological violence, bullying. The interview with the social pedagogues disclosed that the learners at the child care homes are qualified as risk children, they faced a lot of difficulties of adaptation, psychological and educational character problems; they distinguish in aggressive behaviour, insularity, the lack of social skills and this interferes with their positive socialization.
Referring to the performed research, the authors note that the local community treats the learners of the child care homes casually, with suspicion families unwillingly communicate. The research showed that the social pedagogues of the child care homes were inactive members of the community because they did not identify themselves with that territory. Thus they are not the good example for more active performance of the children in the community.
The article reveals the positive and negative leadership of the learners from the child care homes in the community, as well as the formal viewpoint of the local municipality, non-governmental organizations to the active performance of the learners from the child care homes in the community.
Also the article discloses the problems of summer socialization of the learners from the child care homes, the unwillingness of different institutions and single families to help the learners from the child care homes to spend their summer vacation purposefully.
INFLUENCE OF VOLUNTARY SOCIAL EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES ON QUALITY OF LIFE, IRENA LELIŪGIENĖ, ROBERTA STALIONYTĖ, (p. 63 – 74)
Keywords: volunteer, quality of life.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10026.
Summary
In this article will be analyses volunteering. Volunteering – a free will financially unremunerated work, which focuses on helping the public. Volunteering in one way or another affects the life of each volunteer: helps to solve problems, express themselves, to feel needed. Voluntary social educational activities as a way of solving problems, social skills training, interpersonal communication skills development, personal character building, knowledge accumulation and other opportunities of acquiring experience. There is important to discover the relationship between quality of life improvement and voluntary social educational activities and to reveal the impact on the quality of a human life. Scientists focus on the relative aspects of the phenomenon of volunteering. However, there was not found volunteering as a quality of life influencing factor in the phenomenon, the analysis and discussion. Thus, this article seeks to answer the question: what is an influence of voluntary social educational activities on the quality of human life General results of research: while doing the voluntary social educational activities the unfavour of the surrounding in faced, there is often lack of time and resources to perform all work well, and the lack of suitable premises, the frequent change of members and stress cause extra complications; volunteers engaging in voluntary social educational activities, perform most of the managerial functions: planning, organization and leadership; most frequent social educational activities carried by volunteers: support to the weaker ones, regional and cultural activities; the most important psychological factors are volunteer satisfaction, self-expression and social and emotional development; quality of life of respondents is mostly influenced by developed and maintained positive interpersonal relations and cooperation while volunteering; volunteering mostly acquired social skills; there were noticed other voluntary benefits: knowledge acquisition, personal problem solving and experience; volunteering improves health of volunteers, mostly – physical health; there was noted a very close relationship between the model and the theory of the voluntary social educational activities on quality of life in practice. Most elements of the model were confirmed.
SUBSTANTIATION OF COMPETENCES OF BEAUTY THERAPISTS FOCUSING ON EMPLOYER POINT OF VIEW, INGA IŽDONAITĖ-MEDŽIŪNIENĖ, VILJARAS REIGAS, INGRIDA KONTRIMAITĖ, (p. 75 -80)
Keywords: beauty therapist, competences of beauty therapist, employer research.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10027.
Summary
The research of employers shoed that almost all the skills presented in the questionnaire are important in the professional field of a beauty therapist. However, the employers participating in the research indicated that an ability to complete scientific research assessing consumer needs and service quality applying scientific-based methods and to use information communication technologies is not necessary in the work of a beauty therapist, since the specialist does not use scientific methods in their work. Analysing professional skills the research shows that for a beauty therapist to complete Swedish body and Indian (relaxing express) head massage, hair removing procedures applying electric-epilation, laser, IPL, artificial suntan by spraying and UV tan procedures.
The research results highlighted that there are no statistically significant differences analysing the results according to the company type. Therefore, there is no necessity to classify the research participants according to the company type as the research is re-completed.
The research results are statistically significant when analysing according to the employer experience in the area of beauty therapy.
The research results allowed to classify the professional skills in to such groups: human anatomy knowledge, evaluation of skin and aesthetic needs, preparation of a working place and ensuring safety of provided services, procedure planning and effectiveness evaluation, qualification development and consultancy, and professional ethics and legal responsibility.
THE ROLE OF THE USE OF INTERACTIVE WHITEBOARD ON THE FORMATION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS’ WRITTEN EXPRESSION SKILLS, AGNĖ SAYLIK, (p. 81 – 86)
Keywords: primary school pupils, written expression skills, interactive whiteboard.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10028.
Summary
The article discusses the possibilities of the development of written expression skills of primary school pupils while using interactive whiteboard. Studies conducted abroad show that interactive whiteboards change educational process, increase motivation of teachers and pupils, but it does not mean that the use of interactive whiteboards in educational process has a great influence on pupils’ achievements.
The problem of the research is to determine how the application of interactive whiteboard in educational practice affects written expression skills of primary school pupils. The object of the research is the development of written expression skills of primary school pupils while using interactive whiteboard. The research aims at evaluating the influence of the use of interactive whiteboard to the improvement of written expression skills of primary school pupils.
Primary school pupils’ written expression skills are defined as the ability to create cohesive, logical, coherent and consistent text thus when evaluating written expression skills of pupils who participated in the study it was analyzed whether their creative written works were cohesive, logical, if the same words in the text were used repeatedly only with purpose, if the sentences were properly linked, if the language used in the text was clear and fluent, and the use of figurative words and expressions.
The study conducted by the author during Lithuanian language lessons in primary grades showed that interactive whiteboard has a positive effect on pupils’ written expression skills. Good written expression skills of primary school pupils who participated in the educational project to create cohesive, logical, coherent and consistent text show that the purposeful use of interactive whiteboard is important to the formation of their written expression skills. Nevertheless the results of the study confirm that not the interactive whiteboard itself but the methods and resources used by the teacher can have a positive effect on primary school pupils’ written expression skills.
REVIEW OF DR. EDUARDAS SPIRIAJEVAS COURSE GUIDE “INTERNATIONAL TOURISM” MANUSCRIPT, REMIGIJUS KINDERIS, (p. 87 – 89)
Keywords: tourism, international tourism, course guide, review.
Price – 7,24 € (click here for purchase information).
Product code - 10029.
Summary
“The world is a book, and those who do not travel, read only the first page” (St. Augustine).
The term “Tourism” is originated from tour – in Greek tornos and Latin tornare, meaning a circle. This word means that we travel from one place to the other, though coming back to the beginning. This term originated in the end of the 19th century and meant travelling. Tourism is travelling in order to relax, experience new impressions and have a good time. Lately the term means leaving the living or working place for at least one day and no longer than one year and the traveling aims are not connected to education or permanent work. Today tourism includes various aspects, since it is not only an economical, but also social, natural, cultural, ecological and political phenomenon. Tourism is a social phenomenon focusing on travelling to the other countries, visiting areas of interest, travellers relax and go in for sports. While travelling people get acquainted with other people‘s culture, traditions, customs, way of life and level, and make influence on social processes such as interpersonal communication and communication with local people, sharing impressions, and influencing their social environment. Tourism is like a natural-cultural phenomenon. People travel from their living place across the country or to foreign countries. Places of interest are famous for their beautiful and unique landscapes, historical and cultural monuments, interesting native history and culture. On the other hand, tourism is like an ecologic phenomenon. Travellers have an impact on nature, uniqueness of a place just because they travel, and that may evoke ecologic problems. Therefore, more attetion is paid to principles of sustainability in this business. Tourism is also as an economic activity and a branch of business, which dtermines income and earnings. This business satisfies specific needs of customers, mostuly self-actualization and cognitive needs.
The review discusses the need of the course guide and its correcpondence to its purpose, analyses the novelty and originality of the presented material. The review also presents the didactic evaluation and other remarks, recommendations to the author and the final evaluation in respect of the publication of the course guide.
